Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions
TO + INFINITIVO:
Detrás de los siguientes verbos:
- afford - plan - choose - offer -hope - agree - propose - decide - help -expect
- attempt - arrange - would like - promise -want - tend - prepare - refuse - seem -wish
- intend - manage - fail - look -need - pretend - dare - learn - threaten
I can’t afford to pay that house / I agreed to lend her some money / He attempted to reach it.
Cuando el verbo va seguido de un objeto (verbo+objeto+infinitivo)
- ask -enable -expect -would prefer- force -help -invite -order- persuade -remind -teach(how) -tell
- want -warn -would like
I asked Mary to come to the party /She has forced them to tell the truth / They persuaded me to do it
Detrás de adjetivos y adverbios. Detrás de nombres y pronombres
( It´s interesting to learn languages)
Detrás de it is/ was +adjetivo + of+ sustantivo/pronombre
( It was very kind of you to help the old lady)
Detrás de adjetivo+for+objeto
(It was very difficult for us to find out the truth)
Con pronombres interrogativos ( excepto why)
(I didn´t know what to say)
(Why do it now?)
INFINITIVO (sin to)
- make - let ( pero infinitivo con to en voz pasiva)- help (a veces con “to”)
Detrás de los verbos modales: can, could, must, should, would, may, might, …
He made her write a long essay / She doesn’t let me go out / Can you help me do the exercises?
They could find the way / You should visit her …
Los verbos de percepción SEE HEAR FEEL SMELL WATCH pueden ir seguidos de objeto + Infinitivo sin to o de objeto +ing
Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions
USO DEL GERUNDIO
Detrás de los siguientes verbos:
- admit - deny - cease - practise - enjoy- consider - detest - finish - risk - love*
- imagine - dislike - give up - suggest - like*- mind - delay - resist - keep on - hate*
- involve - postpone - look forward to - carry on - avoid - put off - miss - go on
Los verbos con “*” podrían ir seguidos de infinitivo
Normalmente con expresiones como: can´t help, can´t stand, can’t bear
Siempre con expresiones como: it´s (not) worth, it’s no use, to be used to/to get used to
It’s no use talking to her, she won’t listen / They got used to driving on the left.
Detrás de una preposición
i.e. I watched TV after doing the washing up.
Como sujeto de una oración
i.e. Smoking is not healthy
Para expresar prohibiciones cortas
i.e No smoking
VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE INFINITIVO O GERUNDIO con cambio de significado
-remember - regret - mean- forget - stop - try
El significado de estos verbos cambia en función de que les sigan infinitivos o gerundios.
Los verbos de percepción SEE HEAR FEEL SMELL WATCH también pueden ir seguidos de objeto + Infinitivo sin to o de objeto +ing
Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions
1. FORGET + TO + INF= se refiere a acciones futuras
i.e Don´t forget to feed the cat
FORGET + GERUNDIO se refiere al pasado
i.e. Has he forgotten saying that?
2. REGRET TO + INF se refiere al presente o al futuro
i.e We regret to give you such bad news
REGRET + GERUNDIO se refiere al pasado
i.e. She doesn´t regret lying to us
3. REMEMBER + to +INFINITIVO: se refiere a una acción en el futuro o una acción futura
vista desde el pasado
i.e. Before you go to bed, remember to switch off the TV
i.e. Before she went to bed, she remembered to switch off the TV
REMEMBER + GERUNDIO : se refiere al pasado
i.e I remember telling him before
4. STOP + INFINITIVO: “dejar de a hacer algo en movimiento para hacer una cosa distinta
i.e. We stopped the car to buy some magazines
STOP + GERUNDIO : simplemente dejar de hacer una acción
i.e she stopped crying
5. TRY + TO + INFINITIVO: intentar hacer algo con un esfuerzo
i.e Try to push the door with both hands
TRY + GERUNDIO: “experimentar, probar algo
i.e Try studying a little harder to pass your exam
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